Strong vs Weak Reference Letters
"I have known [applicant] for two semesters. They received an A. They are hardworking. I recommend them."
Generic, interchangeable, no specific examples. Could describe any student.
"When [applicant] proposed studying post-conflict reconciliation in Colombia, I had reservations about the scope. Within three weeks, she presented a revised methodology that addressed every concern..."
Specific, project-aware, demonstrates deep knowledge of the applicant.
Who to Choose
Choose people who know you well over people who are prestigious but barely know you.
• 2–3 academic references (thesis advisor, professors, research supervisors)
• 0–1 professional reference if relevant work experience
• At least one who can speak directly to your research ability
• 1–2 professional references (supervisors, managers)
• 1–2 academic references who remember you well
• At least one who can speak to teaching/communication skills
Reference Letter Timeline
Ask recommenders. Provide SGP + CV.
Portal sends invitation emails. Warn about spam folder.
Send polite reminders to any who haven't uploaded.
Confirm all 3 letters are in the portal.